Evaluating the Influence of Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus on Hematological and Urinary Biomarkers in Young Adults
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Abstract
Background: Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant public health concern, especially in young adults, due to its potential to cause multi-organ complications. Objective: This study evaluates the influence of uncontrolled DM on hematological and urinary biomarkers and explores the association with diabetes-related complications. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December 2024 across three medical colleges in Khulna, Bangladesh, including 160 DM patients aged 30-40 years with disease duration >5 years. Data were collected via structured interviews, clinical examinations, and laboratory tests. Results: The majority of participants were aged 35-40 years (62.5%) and male (55%). Obesity was prevalent in 31.25%. Mean fasting blood sugar and postprandial blood sugar levels were 180 ± 35 mg/dL and 260 ± 50 mg/dL, respectively, with a mean HbA1c of 9.5 ± 1.8%. Hypertension (68.75%) and nephropathy (45%) were the most common complications. Elevated HbA1c correlated with increased serum creatinine (r = 0.68, p < 0.001). Dyslipidemia and subclinical hypothyroidism were also frequent, with LDL > 140 mg/dL significantly associated with nephropathy (OR: 3.2, p < 0.001). Only 56.25% adhered to regular follow-ups. Conclusion: Uncontrolled DM in young adults is associated with significant metabolic disturbances and a high burden of complications. These findings highlight the need for early screening, strict glycemic control, and integrated management approaches to prevent long-term adverse outcomes.
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